(2002). Child Trafficking in West Africa: Policy Responses. Innocenti Insight. This report examines policy responses and programming trends to combat the growing specter of child trafficking, focusing on the region of west and central Africa where strenuous advocacy efforts by UNICEF and its partners have helped to bring this problem to national and international attention. The report focuses on policy trends on child trafficking in Benin, Burkina, Faso, Cameroon, Cote dIvorie, Gabon, Mali, Nigeria, and Togo. The report includes examples of good practice and stresses the potential for greater cooperation between the main international agencies working on this issue. Part 1 of the report focuses on the international normative framework on child trafficking, including the international human rights standards that commit nations to act on this issue, and examining the definitions of child trafficking and the increasing convergence of anti-trafficking strategies in west Africa. Part 2 analyzed current perceptions on child trafficking as a child labor or…

(1993). Ethnic Minorities and Migrant Communities. Report on the Round Table and Satellite Meetings. International Congress on AIDS (9th, Berlin, Germany, June 6-11, 1993). The Naz Foundation sponsors a project on HIV and AIDS education, prevention, and support among South Asian, Turkish, Irani, and Arab communities in Europe. As immigrants, ethnic minorities, and refugees, these people are not isolated from the societies in which they live, and are just as vulnerable as any other community to AIDS. A conference on AIDS in Berlin (Germany) in 1993 featured a roundtable on AIDS education and prevention among these minority groups. The roundtable opened with a discussion of the necessity for health education for immigrant and refugee peoples, and a call for culturally and linguistically appropriate services, including education. Defining the age groups to be targeted and the venues for education is a major concern for these ethnic communities. Five papers provide viewpoints about responses to AIDS in these minority groups: (1) "The Human Right of Movement and Asylum and Persons with HIV/AIDS" (Fernando Chang-Muy); (2) "Empowerment of… [PDF]

Rutkowski, Edward, Ed. (1987). Papers and Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Midwest History of Education Society (22nd, Chicago, Illinois, October 24-25, 1986). Journal of the Midwest History of Education Society, v15. Presented in seven parts, titles in part 1 of these conference papers are: "The Uses of Educational History" (Eisele); "The Modern Assault on Public Schools" (Romanish); and "Human Rights and Education" (Padavil). In part 2, the paper titles are: "Jane Addams' Hull-House" (Colky); "Educational Policy and Conflict in the Chicago Schools" (Smith), and "Working for Cincinnati's Public Schools, 1830-1900" (Bertaux). Part 3 titles are: "The Latin Question" (Everett) and "Mother Theodore Guerin and the Education of Sister-Teachers, 1840-1856" (Scatena). Part 4 titles are: "Education for the Poor in Nineteenth Century Italy and Spain" (Wolf); "Modern Education and Social Change in the State of Kerala, India" (Thottupuram); and "The Memorandum of 1839" (Reagan). Part 5 "Schools for Scandal" (Perko) examines the Roman Catholic criticism of public schools from 1900 to 1940….

Chapman, Marian L.; Davis, Florence V. (1977). Skills for Ethical Action: A Rationale. This paper presents an overview of the philosophical/historical background of moral education in the United States and describes an instructional program developed to teach junior high school students a behavioral strategy for acting ethically. Entitled "Skills for Ethical Action," (SEA), this program was devised in the 1970's to help meet public demand for moral instruction in the public schools. Public interest in moral development in American society stems from the 17th century, when the Company of Massachusetts Bay passed an act which ordered every town to appoint a person to teach children to read and write so they could interpret the Bible and defend themselves from false representations of their Protestant faith. Education in the moral domain has continued to be important in the schools, although the Protestant based value system has gradually given way to non-religious democratic values such as freedom, equality, justice, and respect for human rights. Various… [PDF]

Vaughan, Gretta (2004). Adult Literacy Then and Now: An ALO's Perspective. Adult Learner: The Irish Journal of Adult and Community Education, p78-84. It would be easy to forget at this point, given that Adult Literacy has attained a status and respectability within the Adult Education sector previously undreamt of, that it was once a movement, campaigning on a platform of human rights. This article discusses adult literacy's past and present from the perspective of the Adult Literacy Organisers. It describes the roles of the National Adult Literacy Agency (NALA) and the ALO in the adult literacy sector. The development of the ALO network in 1996 gave a much needed lifeline of networking and communications to organisers, affording them an opportunity to exchange ideas, communicate information, and disseminate models of good practice. The Adult Literacy Organisers Association (ALOA) at the national level provides a voice for organisers through the networks structure and ensures that issues and ideas at grassroots level are communicated upwards and at the very least receive a hearing on DES committees in areas affecting basic… [PDF] [Direct]

Pittman, Susan Peters, Ed. (1990). Educating for Social Responsibility. The ESR Journal. ESR Journal, p1-121. Dedicated to Seth Kreisberg, this document is the first journal issue of the Educators for Social Responsibility (ESR). It begins with "The Real Ropes Course: The Development of Social Consciousness" (Shelley Berman). The other articles are presented in five sections. The first section, "Our Relationship to Society," contains: (1) "What Should Schools Teach and Students Learn?" (Vito Perrone); (2) "Is Education for Social Responsibility Anathemic to American Culture? (The answer should be no, but is it?)" (Milton Kleg); and (3) "An Inclusive Reality" (Michael Hartoonian). The second section is "Understanding our Interdependence" and contains three articles: (1) "Conflict Resolutionland: A Round-Trip Tour" (William J. Kreidler); (2) "A New Way of Fighting: Resolving Conflict Creatively" (Linda Lantieri; Tom Roderick); and (3) "Reflections on Conflict Management as an Empowering Process for…

Yelland, Nicola, Ed. (1998). Gender in Early Childhood. The construction of gender is a systematic process that begins at birth and is continually shaped, molded, and reshaped throughout life. This book examines practices with young children with respect to the construction of gender and the expectations of society, schools, and families. The book is organized into two parts. The first part considers the family, community, and society as contexts for developing notions about gender. The second part of the book examines the role of schools in relation to the construction of gender and the expectations that are placed on students based on the gender group to which they have been assigned. An introductory chapter, \Blurring the Edges\ (Yelland and Grieshaber), discusses gender-related issues and provides an overview of the book. Part I,\Family, Community, and Society,\ contains the following chapters: (1) \Constructing the Gendered Infant\ (Grieshaber); (2) \Boys and Girls with Disabilities: Maternal Expectations of Gender Behaviour and…

(2005). Reducing HIV/AIDS Vulnerability among Students in the School Setting: A Teacher Training Manual. UNESCO Bangkok Many teaching-learning materials on HIV/AIDS have been produced by government and non-governmental organizations since 1985. But there is a need to develop strategies and methods that train teachers and educators in delivering these materials to students. This manual is part of the project Strengthening and Expanding the Provision of HIV/AIDS Life Skills and Prevention Education in Pre-service Teacher Training Colleges in 12 Asian Countries, supported Japanese Funds-in-Trust. The manual aims to train teacher educators in HIV/AIDS prevention and care. There are six objectives: (1) to help teachers analyze basic information, core messages, values and practices relating to HIV/AIDS prevention education; (2) to provide guidance to prepare teaching-learning plans, develop material and devise assessment tools; (3) to cultivate a caring and supportive attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA); (4) to integrate HIV/AIDS prevention education in teacher training colleges; (5) to… [PDF]

(2001). Elementary Lessons from Indiana's Underground Railroad Institute (July 22-27, 2001). The Geography Educators' Network of Indiana's 2001 Exploring and Teaching Institute led 23 educators from around the state on a six day traveling adventure. Participants explored art, literature/folklore, historical sites and archives, physical environments, architecture, economics, politics, and cultures associated with the Underground Railroad and Indiana. The Institute traveled from Kentucky to various sites in Indiana, Michigan, and Ontario, Canada. Each participant created thematic lesson materials linked to Indiana and national social studies and history standards. This booklet features 16 of those lessons: (1) "The Civil War through the Eyes of Hoosier Women Sarah Bush Jefferson Lincoln" (C. Crump); (2) "Creating an Abolitionist Newspaper" (M. Groesch); (3) "Heroes and Heroines of the Underground Railroad System (UGRR) (S. Simpson); (4) "Hiddin' Out" (J. Ensley); (5) "History through Picture Books and Photographs" (M.P. Alexander);… [PDF]

(2001). CNN Newsroom Classroom Guides, May 2001. These classroom guides, designed to accompany the daily CNN (Cable News Network) Newsroom broadcasts for the month of May 2001, provide program rundowns, suggestions for class activities and discussion, student handouts, and a list of related news terms. Top stories include: President Bush will announce his plans for a missile defense system, President Bush vows to go forward with a national missile defense system, the science of genetics holds limitless possibilities and ethical concerns for the future of humanity (special series), and British Prime Minister Tony Blair announces that the government has foot-and-mouth disease under control (May 1-4); Dennis Tito returns from space, a nursing shortage is sweeping the United States, Vice President Cheney outlines Bush's long-term energy plan, the latest in anti-terrorism products are on display in Virginia, and the U.S. Senate passes a non-binding budget resolution (May 7-11); the FBI blames an outdated computer system for its failure…

Zhuravska, Nina (2019). The Employee Resourcing of Human Resources Management: A Comparative Aspect. Comparative Professional Pedagogy, v9 n3 p1-7 Sep. The article analyzes the requirements for employee resourcing of human recourses management in the countries of Western, Central and Eastern Europe and the USA. It is found that the set of documents which create the regulatory, methodological and legal support for the functioning of human resources management as a system is incorporated into the regulatory framework of human resources management. In turn, the regulatory and methodological support of the human resources management system is a set of organizational, organizational and methodological, organizational and managerial, technical, regulatory and technical, technical and economic and economic documents, as well as reference documents, which establish norms, rules, requirements, characteristics, methods and other data used in organizing workplace and human resources management and are approved in due course by the competent authority or the leadership of the company. The employee resourcing of the human resources management… [Direct]

MensahMinadzi, Vincent; Segbenya, Moses (2023). Post-COVID Lockdown Assessment of Blended Learning Approach for Distance Education in Ghana: Implications for Human Resource Managers and Curriculum Implementers. Education and Information Technologies, v28 n7 p7955-7973 Jul. This study assessed the blended learning approach for distance education and its implications for human resource managers and curriculum implementers. The study used the descriptive survey design from the quantitative approach. A sample of 552 was drawn from a study population of 2208 postgraduate students pursuing their distance programme countrywide with public universities. Data was collected with a self-developed questionnaire and was analysed with Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). It was found that there was a significant relationship between challenges with face-to-face and the usefulness of face-to-face, challenges with online learning intention and the usefulness of online intention (decision to continue or discontinue with online learning as against the traditional face-to-face mode). Also, there was a significant relationship between the challenges of online intentions and the usefulness of online learning; the usefulness of face-to-face and… [Direct]

Landeros, Judith; Urrieta, Luis (2022). "Hacer el hombre m√°s hombre": Fundamental Education, Deficit Perspectives, Gender, and Indigenous Survivance in Central Mexico. Comparative Education Review, v66 n3 p484-507 Aug. Under UNESCOs global mission, fundamental education became an essential tool for development that was praised for promoting peace and improving the human condition. The Centro de Cooperaci√≥n Regional para la Educaci√≥n de Adultos en Am√©rica Latina y el Caribe (CREFAL) hosted educators from throughout the Americas in P√°tzcuaro, Michoac√°n, to study and intervene through fundamental education programs in local Indigenous communities to implement agricultural, hygienic, arts, civic, and adult literacy projects. In this article, we rethink how fundamental education projects in the 1960s often viewed Indigenous communities in deficit and were implemented as "experimental" interventions with mixed goals. We situate this work within a decolonizing healing framework (Smith 2001) to re-write and re-right the: (1) generalized success of the fundamental education project documented in the CREFAL archives about Nocutzepo and (2) highlight the voices and counter-stories of Indigenous… [Direct]

Jakobidze-Gitman, Alexander (2022). Classical Education and Darwinism: Tadeusz Zielinski's Attempt at Reconciliation. History of Education, v51 n5 p611-630. Written by a Polish-Russian scholar Tadeusz Zielinski, "Our Debt to Antiquity" (1903) was a successful attempt to combat the prejudiced view that classical education resists progress. Zielinski argued that Darwinian laws manifest themselves in his discipline in three aspects: (1) in the emergence of Greek and Latin languages as a result of the selection of word-forms and expressions that testify to certain features of national character; (2) in the persistence of classical education across many centuries as the 'fittest' educational system; (3) in the selection of schoolchildren for national elites. Although Zielinski's application of Darwinian laws of selection to human society may appear reactionary to a modern reader, this article argues that in doing so he defends classical education both from the left-wing populists and from attempts at abuse from the right. Moreover, his thoughts prompt modern scholars to reflect on the real presence of Social Darwinism in our present… [Direct]

A. Zirkel, Perry (2018). Confidentiality for Students with Disabilities: Liability Cases. Exceptionality, v26 n4 p209-217. After an introductory legal framework based on the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, this article canvasses the court decisions concerning liability for disclosures of confidential information about students with disabilities. The relatively few court decisions illustrate the wide variety of disclosures, including (a) those to the media, other students, and private providers; (b) the range of federal and state bases, such as Section 1983 civil rights claims based on the constitutional right to privacy; and (c) the judicial outcomes of these claims, which have been strongly skewed in favor of the school side, especially for the institutional rather than individual defendants. Yet, other compelling interests, including the need for educational environment that values human dignity and psychological safety, merit higher consideration in terms of prudent professional policies and practices…. [Direct]

Nixon, Jon (2020). Hannah Arendt: The Promise of Education. SpringerBriefs in Education. SpringerBriefs on Key Thinkers in Education. SpringerBriefs in Education This book gathers some of Hannah Arendt's core themes and focuses them on the question, 'What is education for?' For Arendt, as for Aristotle, education is the means whereby we achieve personal autonomy through the exercise of independent judgement, attain adulthood through the recognition of others as equal but different, gain a sense of citizenship through the assumption of our civic rights and responsibilities, and realize our full potential as sentient beings with the capacity for human 'flourishing' and 'happiness' ("eudaimonia"). In order to appreciate the pivotal role that education plays in Arendt's analysis of the human condition, we have to understand the emphasis she placed on 'thoughtfulness', as the measure of our humanity and on 'thoughtlessness', as the measure of our inhumanity. Education sustains and develops the human capacity: to think together ("phronesis"), to think for oneself (what Arendt called 'the two-in-one' of thinking), and to think… [Direct]

Abu-Akel, Ahmad; Crewther, David P.; Ford, Talitha C. (2020). Psychosocial Deficits across Autism and Schizotypal Spectra Are Interactively Modulated by Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurotransmission. Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, v24 n2 p364-373 Feb. Continued human and animal research has strengthened evidence for aberrant excitatory-inhibitory neural processes underlying autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorder psychopathology, particularly psychosocial functioning, in clinical and nonclinical populations. We investigated the extent to which autistic traits and schizotypal dimensions were modulated by the interactive relationship between excitatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA neurotransmitter concentrations in the social processing area of the superior temporal cortex using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In total, 38 non-clinical participants (20 females; age range = 18-35 years, mean (standard deviation) = 23.22 (5.52)) completed the autism spectrum quotient and schizotypal personality questionnaire, and underwent proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify glutamate and GABA concentrations in the right and left superior temporal cortex. Regression analyses revealed that glutamate and GABA interactively… [Direct]

Cunha de Araujo, Gustavo (2021). Education and Lifelong Learning for Young and Adult Peasants. European Journal of Training and Development, v45 n6-7 p512-525. Purpose: This paper aims to provide an overview of an expanded, workable conception of rural youth and adult education that will move Brazil closer to a fair, egalitarian society focused on human development. Design/methodology/approach: This research uses a qualitative bibliographic perspective, analyzing historical data extracted from bibliographic and empirical research on rural education–assumptions for thinking about lifelong learning for young and adult peasants–and education and learning for all throughout life. Findings: Education is critical in a democracy, forming the foundation of social, cultural and political citizenship, critical decision-making and an informed populace. Therefore, teacher education policies aimed at rural education in Brazil must be strengthened, funded and improved. Research limitations/implications: This research does not present similarities and differences compared to European experiences; instead, it suggests expanding studies on this topic in… [Direct]

Adamczyk, Markie N.; Church, Barbara A.; Jackson, Brooke N.; Smith, J. David (2022). Conceptual Anchoring Dissociates Implicit and Explicit Category Learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, v48 n6 p813-828 Jun. Categorization researchers have long debated the possibility of multiple category-learning systems. The need persists for paradigms that dissociate explicit-declarative category-learning processes (featuring verbalizable category rules) from implicit-procedural processes (featuring stimulus-response associations lying beneath declarative cognition). The authors contribute a new paradigm, using perfectly matched exclusive-or (XOR) category tasks differing only in the availability or absence of easily verbalizable conceptual content. This manipulation transformed learning. The conceptual task alone was learned suddenly, by insightful rule discovery, producing explicit-declarative XOR knowledge. The perceptual task was learned more gradually, consistent with associative-learning processes, producing impoverished declarative knowledge. We also tested participants under regimens of immediate and deferred reinforcement. The conceptual task alone was learned through processes that survive… [Direct] [Direct]

(2001). The Challenge of Universal Primary Education: Strategies for Achieving the International Development Targets. The Department for International Development (DFID) is the British government department responsible for promoting development and the reduction of poverty in sites in developing and transition countries around the world. This paper focuses on the education dimension of poverty reduction, and specifically the attainment of the International Development Targets for education, which are to: achieve Universal Primary Education (UPE) by 2015; and demonstrate progress toward gender equality and the empowerment of women by eliminating gender disparity in primary and secondary education by 2005. Section 1 underlines the importance of education as a basic human right, a right which promotes other rights and responsibility that contribute to economic and social development. Section 2 defines the scale and geography of the challenge, noting that it is in sub-Saharan Africa that the size and complexity of the challenge is greatest. Section 3 posits the argument that the experiences of the past… [PDF]

Amann, Wolfgang, Ed.; Jabeen, Fauzia, Ed.; Sharma, Radha R., Ed.; Stachowicz-Stanusch, Agata, Ed. (2021). Principles of Responsible Management Education (PRME) in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI): Opportunities, Threats, and the Way Forward. Research in Management Education and Development. IAP – Information Age Publishing, Inc. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are one of the top investment priorities in these days. We expect that by 2030, some 800 million jobs will have disappeared and taken over by machines, and artificial intelligence will reach human levels by around 2029. Continuing this train of thought to 2045, we will have multiplied the intelligence, the human biological machine intelligence of our civilization a billion-fold. The time of machines requires new forms of work and new ways of business education. This book is authored by a range of international experts with a diversity of backgrounds and perspectives hopefully bringing us closer to the responses for the questions like how may AI be used /or is a threat for PRME implementation, how will AI impact the business education world or what we should teach in business school in the time of AI (what the 'right' set of future skills is)? In our book, we address the following questions: (1) How will AI impact the business education… [Direct]

Buckman, David G. (2017). Job Satisfaction: A Study of the Relationship between Right-to-Work Policy and Public School Teachers' Perceptions. Education Leadership Review, v18 n1 p52-66 Dec. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between state unionization policy and teacher job satisfaction in the K-12 public school environment in the states of Florida and New York (i.e., a right-to-work state and a non-right-to-work state). Data were collected via electronic survey to analyze personal demographics, human capital, workload, state union policy and job satisfaction information. A mixed effects multiple regression analysis found right-toWork laws were statistically significant for overall job satisfaction and the job satisfaction facets of work and pay. Via study it was concluded that right-to-work laws had a negative impact on teacher job satisfaction…. [PDF]

Bjerstedt, Ake, Ed. (1992). Education for Peace: A Conference Report from Kyoto. Peace Education Reports No. 6. Conference sessions of the Peace Education Commission (PEC), a transnational network of people interested in peace education and research related to peace education, are reported in this document. Following an introductory overview of the conference as a whole, the report is divided into four parts. The first part contains three area studies; that is, papers reporting on developments related to peace education in special geographical areas. The second part includes three comparative studies, in which comparisons are made between various countries or between different time periods. The third part contains seven papers covering such topics as linguistic rights, lifelong education, nonviolence, and the World Bank. While the first three parts of the report contain full papers (or substantial extracts of papers), the fourth part presents 19 papers in brief abstract or summary form. The titles and authors of the papers included in the first three parts of the report are: Peace Education… [PDF]

Kikas, Eve; Uus, √ïnne (2023). Longitudinal Study of Children's Aggressive Behavior, and It's Relations to Individual and Contextual Factors. International Journal of School & Educational Psychology, v11 n1 p34-47. Self-regulation forms the rudiments for children's academic achievement and socialization. Although one's executive control and verbal skills are needed in both of the core aspects for academic performance: processing to regulate one's own learning and behavior, young students' cognitive capacity for that is still immature influencing the "right response" execution. This longitudinal study investigates children's deviant self-regulation, aggression, in two reciprocal relations: (1) individual cognitive factors; and (2) classroom-contextual factors. Results show the persistence of aggression over time; in aggressive students also lower verbal and executive function skills in Grade 6, while no classroom-contextual relations were detected. This indicates the need to identify as early as possible the pupils performing poorly in cognitive tasks in order to implement specific scaffold-interventions to enhance their processing skills — fundamental for efficient executive control…. [Direct]

Alexandra Pavlakis; J. Kessa Roberts; Kathryn Hill; Meredith Richards; Zitsi Mirakhur (2023). Educational Practices to Identify and Support Students Experiencing Homelessness. Overview Brief #5: Vulnerable Populations. Updated. EdResearch for Action The EdResearch for "Action Overview Series" summarizes the research on key topics to provide K-12 education decision makers and advocates with an evidence base to ground discussions about how to best serve students. Authors — leading experts from across the field of education research — are charged with highlighting key findings from research that provide concrete, strategic insight on persistent challenges sourced from district and state leaders. The central question to this brief is: What evidence-based practices can schools and districts implement to identify and support students experiencing homelessness? Students experiencing homelessness tend to have lower attendance and academic achievement than similar low-income students, and academic outcomes vary widely based on residential context. Training school staff on students' legal and educational rights and signs of homelessness is crucial to identifying and supporting students experiencing homelessness and is required… [PDF]

Baker, David, Ed.; Wiseman, Alex, Ed. (2006). The Impact of Comparative Education Research on Institutional Theory. International Perspectives on Education and Society. Volume 7. JAI Press This volume of International Perspectives on Education and Society explores how educational research from a comparative perspective has been instrumental in broadening and testing hypotheses from institutional theory. Institutional theory has also played an increasingly influential role in developing an understanding of education in society. This symbiotic relationship has proven intellectually productive. In light of the impact that comparative education research has had on institutional theory, the chapters in this volume ask where the comparative and international study of education as an institution is heading in the 21st century. Chapters range from theoretical discussions of the impact that comparative research has had on institutional theory to highly empirical comparative scholarship that tests basic institutional assumptions and trends. Two pioneers in the field, John W. Meyer and Francisco O. Ramirez, contribute the Forward and the concluding chapter. The other chapters are… [Direct]

Farnham, Nicholas (1986). Personal and Institutional Justice. Liberal Education, v72 n4 p305-11 Win. The real intention of liberal education is the development of right intellectual reasoning about human experience, of which justice is the result. (MSE)…

Kahn, Peter H., Jr. (1997). Bayous and Jungle Rivers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Children's Environmental Moral Reasoning. New Directions for Child Development, n76 p23-36 Sum. Examines environmental moral reasoning and values in African American children and their parents in Houston and Brazilian children in a large city and in a river village along the Amazon. Finds similarities of moral concerns and obligations to the environment in all three communities, structured by concerns for human welfare, fairness, and rights. (KB)…

Domingo-Pe√±afiel, Laura; Maci√ -Gual, Aida (2021). Demands in Early Childhood Education: Montessori Pedagogy, Prepared Environment, and Teacher Training. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, v7 n1 p144-162. Recognizing the inherent attention in examining how educational practices affect our future, there is little known about society's demands related to early childhood education. This paper aims to analyze the current preschool enrolment situation in the Euro-Western world and the demands of society, focusing attention on the characteristics needed in the prepared environment and in teacher training practices that inclusive education offers. Different socio-cultural theories have been analyzed, and practices regarding human development have been presented as they guarantee an integral development of the child, one which respects infant developmental stages and offers the right scaffolding and environment to stimulate a child's interest and potential. All these aspects are claimed in society, and are reflected in the Montessori Pedagogy principles, where thanks to the observation and knowledge regarding children's needs, educators can prepare stimulating environments that lead to… [PDF]

Jena, Nibedita Priyadarshini (2017). Animal Welfare and Animal Rights: An Examination of Some Ethical Problems. Journal of Academic Ethics, v15 n4 p377-395 Dec. The spectacle of the relentless use and abuse of animals in various human enterprises led some human beings to formulate animal welfare policies and to offer philosophical arguments on the basis of which the humane treatment of animals could be defended rationally. According to the animal welfare concept, animals should be provided some comfort and freedom of movement in the period prior to the moment when they are killed. This concept emphasizes the physiological, psychological, and natural aspects of animal life with the focus on freedom. Ironically, however it is not concerned with the rights of animals; nor is it interested in their remaining alive. So, animals are least benefitted by such provisions, which is the major concern for those who defend animal rights. It seems dubious to demand comfort for a being in life, but not security for its actual life, since rights and freedom are essential for the maintenance of a normal life. This paper aims to (a) critically analyze the… [Direct]