(1979). Foreign Policy & Morality: Framework for a Moral Audit. Two papers and several commentaries discuss a viable moral framework for foreign policy. It is hoped that the thought of some of the world's major thinkers can provide at least the foundations for a more enduring approach to the issues of political morality. The two main papers are by Father Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C., president of the University of Notre Dame and one of America's most untiring defenders of civil and human rights and by Professor Louis Halle of Geneva, author of numerous books on foreign policy and the study in universal history, \Out of Chaos.\ The two writers approach the moral problem from different points on the intellectual spectrum. Father Hesburgh approaches the problem from the standpoint of America's responsibility to express and exemplify its historic national goals and moral vision in foreign policy. Professor Halle's approach is from the perspective of the national interest. He maintains with some of the \Founding Fathers\ that the first duty of the…
(1976). Community Resistance to Survey Research and 1890 Colleges and Universities: The Case of Fort Valley State College. In order to reduce community resistance to a multi-ethnic/cross-sectional survey by an 1890 institution and to identify those factors which influenced survey completion, 395 white and 335 black heads of households in 19 middle Georgia county areas were surveyed. Since a suit labeling Fort Valley a "diploma mill" had recently been filed by white citizens and since the performing institution was predominantly black, the sample design was considered crucial and an "informed consent" statement was required by the campus' Human Rights Committee. Strategy employed to avoid community resistance involved: (1) an intensive literature review; (2) use of a stratified cluster sample to permit a representative sample at a minimum cost and eliminate the possibility of creating the impression that only certain residents were chosen; (3) development of a non-threatening title for the study via elimination of words such as "poor", "black people", etc.; (4)… [PDF]
(1971). Teaching Prejudice: A Content Analysis of Social Studies Textbooks Authorized for Use in Ontario. This report of a study, undertaken at the request of the Ontario Human Rights Commission, details: 1) precedents and historical backgrounds in textbook analysis; 2) the methodology of the present study; and, 3) recommendations based on the findings. Groups selected for study were: Jews, immigrants, Moslems, Negroes, and American Indians. The research design called for quantitative analysis of "evaluative assertions" made about the above groups in all textbooks authorized for use in grades 1-12, and in print on June 1, 1968. Findings indicate that facts and theories which are outmoded, even false, still find their way into textbooks, dealing a heavy dose of "un-themism." Further, there is little attempt in school texts to discuss in any detail basic issues concerning racial differences or prejudice. Given the strong reliance on textbook teaching which still prevails, these are serious faults. It is recommended that: 1) for errors of commission, the publishers be…
(2004). Education, Globalization, and the State in the Age of Terrorism. Paradigm Publishers Education plays an important role in challenging, combating and in understanding terrorism in its different forms, whether as counter-terrorism or as a form of human rights education. Just as education has played a significant role in the process of nation-building, so education also plays a strong role in the process of empire, globalization and resistance to global forces–and in terrorism, especially where it is linked to emergent statehood. This book focuses on the theme of education in an age of terrorism, exploring the conflicts of globalization and global citizenship, feminism post-9/11, youth identities, citizenship and democracy in a culture of permanent war, and the relation between education and war, with a focus on the war against Iraq. This book is organized into the following chapters: (1) The Conflicts of Globalization and Restructuring of Education?; (2) Global Citizenship and the New American World Order; (3) Globalization, Family Terrorism and Feminism Post-9/11;…
(1999). Narrowing Opportunities for Adults in Ontario Secondary Schools: A Study of Students Affected by the Changes to Provincial Funding of Adults and the Education Act, 1996. NALL Working Paper #09. A study investigated effects of implementation of a new policy by the Ontario Ministry of Education that decreased grants for adults and amended the Ontario Education Act, forcing school boards to develop a parallel but "basic service" system of education for everyone over age 21. All adult students in daytime secondary school programs were asked to supply basic demographics; human rights information such as whether students had a disability or belonged to a visible minority; whether they had special education needs; and information pertaining to student knowledge of pending changes in the grant system and their possible effects. Submissions were received from 117 schools, representing 7,723 completed questionnaires. The next phase of the research examined the changes that had occurred in five Target Boards (TBs) in the year following implementation of the adult funding model. Findings indicated that TBs responded to the changes in government policy by redesigning their… [PDF]
(2000). The State of Asian Pacific America: Transforming Race Relations. A Public Policy Report, Volume IV. The papers in this collection respond to the importance of race in U.S. society by providing a comprehensive, multidisciplinary empirical analysis of the diverse ways in which Asian Pacific Americans are redefining and transforming contemporary U.S. race relations. Following a preface by Don T. Nakanishi and J. D. Hokoyama, the chapters are: (1) \The Asian Pacific American Challenge to Race Relations\ (Paul M. Ong); (2) \'Who Are You Calling Asian?' Shifting Identity Claims, Racial Classifications, and the Census\ (Yen Le Espiritu and Michael Omi); (3) \Racial Attitudes and the Color Line(s) at the Close of the Twentieth Century\ (Taeku Lee); (4) \Fu Manchu Lives! Asian Pacific Americans as Permanent Aliens in American Culture\ (Robert Lee); (5) \Residential Patterns of Asian Pacific Americans\ (Tarry Hum and Michela Zonta); (6) \From Vincent Chin to Joseph Ileto: Asian Pacific Americans and Hate Crime Policy\ (Karen Umemoto); (7) \Asian Pacific Americans and Human Rights/Relations…
(2004). Torture and the War on Terror. Social Education, v68 n7 p453 Nov-Dec. In this article, the author examines another dimension of human rights–the problem of torture. He looks at U.S. commitments to international conventions prohibiting torture in light of the abuses at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq. He shows how a position adopted by the Bush administration that these international conventions did not apply to the war against terrorists resulted in the development of interrogation practices at Guantanamo Bay that ignored the conventions. These practices later carried over into Iraq. The U.S. has signed the four Geneva Conventions, which expressly prohibit any kind of physical or psychological coercion and torture or inhuman treatment of prisoners of war. In 1996, Congress also passed the War Crimes Act to ban all war crimes, which are referred to as grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions? But does the Geneva Convention apply to the War on Terror? The U.S. government had previously taken the position that such covenants did not apply to the prisoners…
(2000). At Issue: Marriage. Exploring the Debate over Marriage Rights for Same-Sex Couples: A Curriculum Guide for High School Educators. The Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN) aims to unite with educators in cultivating an informed citizenry and future generations of children who respect and accept all people, regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity. By supporting educators in their efforts to build schools where information and expression flow freely, GLSEN hopes to advance democratic values in classrooms across the nation. This guide provides a means for educators and parents to address questions about civil rights and sexual identity, in an open and direct way. As legislative hearings take place to determine the fate of marriage in states around the country, students will need guidance in order to integrate this complex information and to form their own opinions. This curriculum guide will help students explore the complex issues reflected in the debate on same-sex marriages. Following the lesson plans, readings are included to provide students with a fuller understanding of the… [PDF]
(2000). The Many Faces of Paul Robeson. The Constitution Community: Postwar United States (1945 to Early 1970s). Paul Robeson was an athlete-scholar-concert artist-actor who was also an activist for civil and human rights. The son of a former slave, he was born and raised during segregation, lynching, and open racism. Robeson was one of the top performers of his time, earning more money than many white entertainers. His travels overseas opened his awareness to the universality of human suffering and oppression. His outspokenness and pro-Soviet stance made him a target of militant anti-communists. In 1950 the State Department revoked his passport, thereby denying him the right to travel and to earn money abroad. Robeson filed a lawsuit for reinstatement of his passport. In 1958 the Supreme Court agreed with Robeson, ruling that the State Department could not deny citizens the right to travel because of their political beliefs. This lesson relates to Article I, Section 9, of the U.S. Constitution, which states that the migration of people should not be prohibited by Congress, and to the First… [PDF]
(1996). Internet Resources for Latin America. This directory compiles information products and services and other resources pertaining to Latin America that were available on the Internet as of February 1996. Part 1 lists 15 World Wide Web (WWW) URLs that link to other subject or geographical lists of Internet sites providing Latin American resources. Part 2 lists approximately 115 information products and services available from universities, government agencies, and nongovernmental organizations, primarily in Latin America and the United States Southwest. Most resources are accessible via WWW, gopher, or FTP. The sites are fairly stable and offer unique databases, documents, directories, and other resources useful for Latin American research. Topics include bilingual education, national and regional news, economic and environmental issues related to the United States-Mexico border, academic and research networks, country databases, travel and cultural programs, Chicano and Latino research, technology and telecommunications,… [PDF]
(1996). Community Development and Research. Aboriginal Peoples Collection = Developpement Communautaire et Recherches. Collection sur les Autochtones. This report provides Canadian Aboriginal communities with information and resources for carrying out participatory action research and applying the results to community development. Presented in English and French, the report is based on a literature review and a 2-day focus group involving 14 community development experts, Aboriginal community members, academic researchers, and federal agency staff. Part 1 defines the elements of community-controlled development, discusses the role of the federal government in Aboriginal community development, and recommends community action materials. Examples include innovative community-based solutions to family violence and abuse and development of a tribal justice system and a community-based youth court. Part 2 examines research issues, focusing on the community's relationship with outside researchers and consultants, decisions about research needs and relevance, funding, and research ethics. This section also presents steps in doing a…
(1991). Pluralistic Approaches to Art Criticism. Contributors to this anthology analyze the contemporary academic methods for critiquing art and suggest new ways that might further the understandings of art created by diverse individuals and groups. Essays are organized into three sections. Part 1, \Changes and Extensions in Critical Approaches\ includes essays: (1) \Beyond Universalism in Art Criticism\ (Karen A. Hamblen); (2) \Feminist Approaches to Art Criticism\ (Kristin G. Congdon); (3) \Criticism of Computer Art: The Implications of Interactivity\ (Linda F. Ettinger); (4) \The Poetics of Green Esthetics: Situating 'Green Criticism' in the Postmodern Condition\ (Jan Jagodzinski); (5) \Two Futures for Vernacular Architecture\ (Howard Davis). Part 2, \Valuing Diverse Critical Expression,\ presents: (6) \Pluralism in African American Aesthetics and Art Criticism\ (Paulette Spruill Fleming); (7) \Criticizing Art with Others\ (Terry Barrett); (8) \Toward an Understanding of Skin Art\ (John Wilton); (9) \Women Artists and Their…
(1997). Yes I Can: A Social Inclusion Curriculum for Students with and without Disabilities. Instructor's Guide. This curriculum to foster the inclusion of students with disabilities is designed to be offered by educators in junior and senior high school settings. It is intended to bring together students with and without disabilities for classroom instruction, discussion, and experiential learning. The experiential component pairs students with disabilities who are experiencing social isolation and peers who serve as inclusion facilitators, in order to plan and participate in social and recreational activities in the community, identify and minimize barriers to inclusion, and expand students' social skills and options. The introduction offers guidelines for initiating and implementing the program, including getting administrative support and recruiting students. The 20 lessons combine disability-specific information with interpersonal skill building and practical experience in community settings. Among the topics covered by the lessons are: how people are alike, myths and misconceptions,… [PDF]
(1992). Okiciyapo Hechel Lena Oyate Kin Nipi Kte (Help Each Other That These People May Live). Facilitating Academic Attainment in Adolescent Sioux Students in the Public School Systems in South Dakota. This paper reviews educational problems affecting American Indian students, particularly problems related to school climate, and describes efforts to improve school climate at Bennett County (South Dakota) High School. This public school serves the county and two reservations. It also accepts transfer students from Bureau of Indian Affairs schools in three states. Over half of the students are Lakotas (Sioux). As in other similar schools, problems include poor communication between teachers and some Indian students, poor relationships between the school and Indian parents, lack of Indian teachers, racial distrust, high Indian poverty rates, language problems, cultural differences between students and teachers, low participation in extracurricular activities by Indian students, alcohol abuse, student alienation, and low student self-esteem. Approaches to these problems by other school districts have included multicultural curriculum reform, efforts to make materials and course…
(1994). Women in Development: We as Agents of Social Change. Proceedings of the International Forum on Intercultural Exchange (3rd, Saitama [Japan], December 17-19, 1993). The third International Forum on Intercultural Exchange focused on four important issues for developing nations: literacy education, environmental protection, economic activities, and violence against women. In all of these areas, women are striving for social change as agents and beneficiaries of development. Following the conference agenda, the following papers are presented in this English version of the proceedings: (1) "Women in Development: What Are Agents of Social Change?" (Hiroko Hara) (keynote address); (2) "Literacy and Status of Women" (Akihiro Chiba); (3) "Tackling with Literacy Education" (Akihiro Chiba); (4) "Literacy Education in Nigeria" (Teresa Ebuzaju Chukuma); (5) "Women's Participation in Social Forestry: A Case Study in Nepal" (Yumiko Tanaka); (6) "Women's Role in Natural Resource Management in Africa" (Eva Rathgeber); (7) "Mainstreaming Women's Economic Activities in Development Policy Making and… [PDF]