(1973). Due Process and Tenure in Institutions of Higher Education. Today's Education, 62, 2, 60-2, Feb 73. Draft statement developed by a joint task force of the National Society of Professors and the National Faculty Association of Community and Junior Colleges in consultation with the NEA office of General Counsel, NEA Higher Education, and NEA Programs for Human and Civil Rights. (Editor/CB)…
(1970). Freedom and Racial Equality: A Study of "Revised" High School History Texts. Sch Rev, 78, 3, 297-354, May '70. A number of history textbooks that are widely used in secondary schools in the United States show bias in their treatment of the Negro fight for human and civil rights. Evidence of Negro courage is ignored, and many facts concerning the Civil War are blurred. (CK)…
(2023). The Importance of Education for Democracy. International Society for Technology, Education, and Science, Paper presented at the International Conference on Research in Education and Science (ICRES) (Cappadocia, Turkey, May 18-21, 2023). A democratic government, whose power belongs to the people, serves all its citizens equally and protects their natural rights. Its highest priority is to treat and serve its citizens properly and fulfill their interests. In democratic regimes, conflicts and other social issues can be resolved through dialogue, compromise, and consensus between the government and people of a given country to have a better future. In a democratic society, civic education plays an important role in shaping people's values and behaviors, and it cannot be achieved without a stable and developed economy. However, the interest of the human society in education dates back to the dawn of civilization in ancient Greece, when Plato spoke about the importance of education in the development of the state. And, based on his initiative, he wrote at the entrance of the Academy, "Do not go inside unless you are a geometer." Plato's concept of geometry is used to understand a man with a high cultural and… [PDF]
(1997). Rights of the Child in Ethiopia. This report to the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child contains observations of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) concerning the application of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child by the nation of Ethiopia. The report's introduction asserts that despite the considerable lip service being paid by Ethiopia's government to children's rights, OMCT is concerned that the needs of the Ethiopian child with regard to gross violations of human rights are being overlooked. The report then presents observations and recommendations in the following areas: (1) the age of criminal responsibility; (2) torture, ill treatment, or other cruel or degrading treatment: the absence of protection; (3) draft legislation concerning torture; (4) current legislation concerning torture; (5) the right to redress; (6) corporal punishment as a punitive measure; (7) physical chastisement in institutions; (8) general protection from violence for children; (9) children in… [PDF]
(1982). The Rhetoric of Opposing Constructions of Reality: Gay Rights in St. Paul. Fantasy Theme Analysis was used to examine the rhetorical clash of incongruent world views during the 1978 controversy over a gay rights ordinance in St. Paul, Minnesota. Fantasy Theme Analysis considers the individual and collective dramatizations of a group's goals, scope, and activities–the group's conceptualized reality, or fantasy theme–in evaluating the rhetorical effectiveness of the group. The three groups examined in this study and involved in the issue of gay rights in St. Paul were Citizens Alert for Morality (CAM), an antigay-rights group; St. Paul Citizens for Human Rights (SPCHR), a moderate group arguing in favor of gay rights; and the Target City Coalition, a "militant" gay rights group. Analysis of newspaper accounts, brochures, newsletters, broadcast materials, and advertisements during the controversies revealed the success of CAM over the other two groups. One of the strengths of the CAM rhetoric was the extent to which positions were justified within… [PDF]
(1996). UNICEF Annual Report, 1996. At this time, the United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) is commemorating its 50th anniversary, under the slogan "children first." This annual UNICEF report reviews the organization's activities during 1995. An introduction by the executive director states that the report will give readers a sense of what UNICEF is doing with partners to rise to the program's challenges. Topics in the report include: (1) the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child–a powerful and wide-ranging legal instrument to promote and protect the human rights of children; (2) regional developments; (3) emergency countries (those suffering recent natural disasters or war); (4) child protection; (5) health; (6) nutrition; (7) safe environment; (8) urban issues; (9) basic education; (10) girls and women; (11) communication; (12) working together (national committees, non-governmental organizations, and inter-agency cooperation; (13) resources and management; (14) UNICEF income, donors, and… [PDF]
(1990). IWGIA Yearbook 1989. Based on various international sources, this publication gives an overview of events affecting the indigenous peoples of the world during 1898. Part I, the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA) Annual Report, describes the programs and activities of IWGIA during 1989. Part II addresses issues of political problems and progress, genocide, land disputes, health, and human rights. After an obituary for George Manuel, a great North American Indian leader, the yearbook focuses on particular geographic locations. A map for each section shows the names and locations of the indigenous people, as well as the population of the area. The report discusses the following areas: (1) the Arctic; (2) North America; (3) Central America and Mexico; (4) South America; (5) the Pacific; (6) Australia and Aotearoa (New Zealand); (7) East Asia; (8) Southeast Asia; (9) South Asia; (10) West and Central Asia; (11) Europe and North Asia; (12) Northern Africa; (13) West Africa; (14) the Horn…
(1995). Issues of War Trauma and Working with Refugees. A Compilation of Resources. The Center for Applied Linguistics has compiled these resources on the subjects of war trauma and working with refugees to guide refugee service providers and classroom teachers. The materials include background information about trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder and specific information about problems of refugees and victims of war trauma. The selections in the compilation are designated Appendixes. The United Nations, through its High Commissioner for Refugees and its statement on the rights of the child (Appendix A) has recognized the problems children, especially those from Bosnia, face. Two appendixes (B and C) discuss trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and refugees. Two selections focus on children and trauma and consider general developmental issues and coping with grief and the aftermath of disaster. "War Trauma and Refugee Children" contains a description of a film about the effects of torture on children, a discussion of traumatic human rights abuse,… [PDF]
(1998). Passing as Teacher: Constructing a Lesbian Feminist Pedagogy. This paper describes some problems one teacher has had trying to develop a feminist pedagogy for a composition class that does not elide sexual orientation as an identity facet in the classroom. The paper focuses on two essays, Mary Elliot's "Coming Out in the Classroom: A Return to the Hard Place" (1996) and Susan Jarratt's "Feminism and Composition: The Case for Conflict" (1991). Seeking to combine both these approaches, the paper invokes Donna Qualley's argument that teachers should consider students' developmental stages when teaching critical thinking and theoretical concepts. It contends that coming out in the classroom is essential–for gay and lesbian civil rights, for human rights, for individual and social improvement–and it offers suggestions for working through problems associated with personal disclosures. According to the paper, the context of the composition classroom varies with the content, the thematic focus, the institution, the instructor,… [PDF]
(1985). Race Relations and Ethnicity. This presentation focuses on the state of race relations in South Africa and the United States as viewed against the backdrop of threats to world peace. It is argued that pluralism is likely to persist within most societies and should be recognized as both a potential threat and a potential benefit. As a strategy for peaceful pluralism in both South Africa and the United States, three key principles are articulated: (1) respect for the inherent equality of individuals and protection of their civil liberties; (2) equitable access to political and economic power; and (3) encouragement of society's peacemakers. Americans, it is argued, should feel especially responsible for human rights in South Africa because: (1) it is morally right; (2) it is the obligation of the free world's leading power; (3) the people of South Africa want the understanding of the United States; and (4) the United States has extensive interests in South Africa. In the United States itself, although blacks,…
(1990). Morality, Responsibility, and the University. Studies in Academic Ethics. This book presents 14 essays from American philosophers who critically investigate the moral issues generated by academic life. Topics addressed include free speech on campus, justifications for tenure, faculty appointment and evaluation procedures, the differing demands of research and teaching, sexual harassment, parietal rules, business/university partnerships, and the ideal of institutional neutrality. Essays and their authors are as follows: "Human Rights and Academic Freedom" (Alan Gewirth); "Free Speech on Campus" (Judith Wagner DeCew); "Tenure: Academe's Peculiar Institution" (Andrew Oldenquist); "Ethics in Academic Personnel Processes: The Tenure Decision" (Rudolph H. Weingartner); "The Research Demands of Teaching in Modern Higher Education" (Theodore M. Benditt); "The Truth, the Whole Truth, and Nothing but the Truth" (Paul D. Eisenberg); "The Ethics of Graduate Teaching" (Robert Audi);…
(1988). Dateline. AIDS: A Global Test for Democratic Principles?. Social Education, v52 n2 p129-30 Feb. States that social studies teachers should present the available factual information about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in terms of what is happening globally and examine questions of human and civil rights raised by the disease. Provides a list of facts and discussion questions for classroom teachers. (GEA)…
(1995). Rights of the Child in Senegal. This report to the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child contains observations of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) concerning the application of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child by the Republic of Senegal. Part 1 of the report, "Preliminary Observations," discusses Senegal's ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its participation in other international instruments relating to human rights which condemn the practice of torture. Part 2, "General Observations," discusses in detail Senegal's legislation regarding torture and crimes against children and points out perceived inadequacies in policy and practice. Part 3, "Children in Conflict with the Law," details Senegal's Penal Code with regard to minors, pointing out areas for improvement. Part 4, "Conclusions," asserts that the International Secretariat of OMCT/SOS-Torture laments the excessively condensed manner in which Senegal… [PDF]
(1989). Yearbook 1988. IWGIA: 20 Years. The theme of this yearbook is the work of the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA) during the 20 years of its existence and the enormous growth of the indigenous movement in that time. Section 1 traces IWGIA's history and includes the annual report for 1988. Section 2 is a global view of the main events in the indigenous world during 1988, presenting a comprehensive panorama with facts, texts, maps, and population figures. In 1988 atrocities against indigenous peoples continued on a huge scale and included mass killings, land alienation, and cultural destruction. Section 3 looks at developments in the International Labour Organization's (ILO) Revision of Convention 107 and the formation of the Declaration of Indigenous Rights at the United Nations. This section includes interviews and statements from five indigenous participants at ILO and UN meetings. Papers in section 4, the "focus" section include "Funding Deforestation: Conservation Woes at the…
(1986). Ijime: The Bullying of Japanese Youth. International Education, v15 n2 p5-28 Spr. "Ijime," which means the intimidation of the weakest people in a social group, has become prevalent in the Japanese educational system. Between April and October of 1985, 155,066 cases of bullying were reported in Japan's schools. The education council cites the rigorous discipline measures undertaken by teachers as the cause of rising violence by students. Reports of student deaths and abuse at the hands of teachers have been made. The young people of Japan are subjected to a system of strict regimentation in which school becomes all-consuming. Seventy-three percent of Japan's voters are dissatisfied with the current educational system. Former Prime Minister Nakasone instructed the Ministry of Education to initiate a sweeping investigation of the causes of violence and possible solutions. Some believe that fostering morality and patriotism in the schools can avert the crisis. The education council has said that the most important reform is to eliminate the uniformity and…