(1995). Highlights from the First World Congress of Education International. The papers in this volume reflect the general theme of the congress, "Educators United, Ready for Change." A theme that emerged during the conference concerned the need to fight structural adjustment programs, imposed by the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund, which were destroying the educational and social infrastructure of many countries in the developing world, as well as in Central and Eastern Europe, and imposing "solutions" which did enormous harm to public education and to the work and living standards of teachers. A number of key debates and resolutions condemned this trend and demanded that Education International (EI) develop its own alternative strategies to build economic and social policies at the national and international levels, incorporating a strong commitment to public education. Another major theme that emerged was the issue of human and trade union rights, which engendered debates on a range of issues including women's rights, the…
(1990). Czechoslovakia. A Selection of Teaching Materials. This document is a collection of supplemental classroom materials on Czechoslovakia to be photocopies for use in secondary schools in conjunction with the Education for Democracy Project. After decades of Soviet domination and communist dictatorship, Eastern European countries are demanding democracy, human rights, and an end to the Soviet Union's military presence. The democratic revolution in Eastern Europe can serve to help students gain a greater appreciation of and interest in the subject of history, and attain a deeper understanding of the ideas and principles of democracy. This collection of materials offers an historical framework for considering current events, but is focused on the events, ideas, issues, and personalities that have propelled Czechoslovakia's successful democracy movement. A timeline, maps and a college of historic headlines are included to give a basic historical context. A vocabulary for junior high classes or classes with little or no previous exposure… [PDF]
(1993). Gender Equity. Developed as a supplement to existing materials on gender equity, this curriculum guide is designed to supply indepth information on sex bias and sex-role stereotyping in vocational education. It is intended for educators, students, and parents who can learn from its contents through workshops, seminars, organizational meetings, and classroom presentations. A gender equity glossary appears first. Each of the eight units contains some or all of these components: objective sheet with vocabulary list and quotations, teacher information sheets with objective and lecture notes, transparency masters, activity sheets, activity sheet answers, and action sheets. Unit I outlines what human rights are, how they are determined, and how they change. Unit II discusses traditional views of gender equity and the federal laws protecting individuals from bias. Unit III dispels myths often associated with each gender. Unit IV gives a futuristic view of where the jobs are and presents a challenge to…
(1992). Beginning of Movement for Re-Education of Parents in Japan in the 1920's. In the late 1920s, in conjunction with a new passion for freedom and concern for human rights, two associations were formed in Japan to promote parents' education and children's welfare. In 1928, following a 2-year study of education in America, Tetsuya Kamimura started the Japan Parents' Re-education Association. The association's members included teachers, principals, physicians, scientists, and artists. The association published a 10-volume "Child Study Course" and a monthly magazine, "Itoshigo"; held meetings for mothers; and set up branches throughout Japan. The second association, Kodomo no Kyoyo, was established in 1929 by Yoshiki Takasaki and Takashi Takenami based on their belief in the importance of the education of children and parents. Kodomo no Kyoyo emphasized scientific approaches to child education, and psychologists, doctors, and scientists contributed articles to the association's journal. The religious background of the association's Christian… [PDF]
(1990). The Civic Participation of Visible Minorities in Canadian Society: Framework and Issues for Research and Analysis. This exploratory study examines the issues connected with the civic participation of minority groups in Canada. Civic participation is service, either through appointment or election, on public boards and commissions other than those representing the participant's own ethnocultural group. Information was gathered from a literature review, interviews, and a focus group composed of minority group members experienced in civic affairs. The following major issues are discussed: (1) the need for a new definition of civic participation; (2) confusion on the part of minority group members about what the government expects of them and about whom they represent; (3) the slow pace of change toward equal representation in civic life, and the seemingly overwhelming odds against ever achieving that representation; (4) poor communication about opportunities and criteria for service; (5) the misconception that minority group members are interested only in human rights and related fields; and (6)…
(1989). Defining and Quantifying Potentially Discriminatory Questions in Employment Interviewing. A study determined what constitutes an illegal pre-employment question, reviewed current laws and literature on the subject, and determined the prevalence of illegal questions asked by organizations. Except in the case of specific statutory law, there is no precise way to define what constitutes an illegal question; however, state and federal guidelines as well as established case law provide fairly clear parameters. A survey of the human rights and labor departments of all 50 states, designed to determine which states had enacted stronger legislation than the general framework provided by federal legislation, indicated a range of no laws to very specific laws concerning employment screening. A survey questionnaire, designed to determine the extent to which employers would ask or consider asking illegal questions, was sent to 350 various organizations in Wisconsin and returned by 157 organizations. The sample of organizations was stratified in relation to nine basic industry types… [PDF]
(1990). Middle School Citizenship Education: A Study of Civic Values via R. Freeman Butts' Decalogue. Citizenship education is one of the most common curriculum elements in the nation, thus clarifying the nature of citizenship education would partially qualify a common purpose in public schools. A supposition of this research is that public schools are the best way to advance democracy in a pluralistic United States. R. Freeman Butts, an advocated for strengthening the teaching of democracy, offers 10 civic values as the common core of U.S. citizenship: justice; freedom; equality; diversity; authority; privacy; due process; participation; personal obligation for the public good (loyalty, patriotism, discipline, and duty); and international human rights. In this study conducted in a metropolitan area middle school two teachers were observed. The sixth grade social studies teacher used a direct approach, while the eighth grade American History teacher used a more interactive style. The data were collected during classroom observations and through analyses of the textbooks. The unit of…
(1986). Toward a World of Peace: People Create Alternatives. Proceedings of the International Conference on Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies in the United Nations Year of Peace, 1986 (1st, Suva, Fiji, August 1986). This book is a review of the 1986 United Nations International Year of Peace conducted at an international conference in Fiji. The theme of the conference was "People Create Alternatives," and the issues of conflict resolution and avoiding global destruction were addressed. Specific topics discussed were: (1) "Theories and Techniques of Conflict Resolution"; (2) "Nationalism vs. the World as Expanded Community"; (3) "Economic Factors in Relationship to Conflict"; (4) "Confronting the Nuclear Crisis"; (5) "Human Rights in the Developing World and Everywhere Else"; (6) "Peace Studies and Research"; and (7) "Super Power Rivalry in the Pacific Basin." Also included are proceedings from the following symposia: (1) "The Rotary Center for World Understanding and Peace"; (2) "Globalizing Teacher Education: A Vehicle for Peace"; (3) "Developing Curricula for Peace Education in Secondary…
(1983). The Legal Situation of Latin American and Caribbean Women as Defined according to the Resolutions and Mandates of the United Nations System. Volume II: File Sheets of Resolutions on the Legal Situation of Women. This document contains a systematized inventory of the measures relating to the legal and social status of women adopted in various regional and world forums. The inventory was used to study the legal situation of Latin American and Caribbean women, defined according to the resolutions and mandates of the United Nations system. Organized by forum and in chronological order, the first part includes a summary of the resolutions (conventions, recommendations, declarations and resolutions) dealing with the legal situation of women, while the second summarizes the information included in the Plans of Action referring to the subject. The measures included were selected from the following forums: United Nations General Assembly; Economic and Social Council; International Conference on Human Rights (Tehran, Iran, 1968); World Conference of the International Women's Year (Mexico City, Mexico, 1975); World Conference of the United Nations Decade for Women: Equality, Development, and Peace…
(1985). Sourcebook on Central American Refugee Policy: A Bibliography with Subject and Country Index. Special Project Report. This bibliography on Central American refugee policy is the outgrowth of a year-long research seminar on the topic at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs of the University of Texas at Austin during 1983-1984. That seminar was concerned with several aspects of Central American refugee policy, including policies of the various Central American governments, the United States, Mexico, and the United Nations. It also looked at issues such as the sanctuary movement and political asylum. Much of the material reflects a Texas focus, in part because Texas has become an important national center for refugee issues. The major sections of the publication include: (1) books, manuscripts, unpublished papers, and church, government and human rights reports; (2) magazine and journal articles; (3) newspaper articles, editorials and statements; (4) newsletters, bulletins, other reports and resources. Within each section, entries are arranged alphabetically first by title (when no author is…
(1977). The Report of the Work Group on Multiculturalism. The report on the impact of multiculturalism on the education system in the Borough of York (Ontario) summarizes findings of a two year study and provides recommendations to enhance multiculturalism in education. The report is presented in six chapters. Chapter I explains the work group task and method of inquiry and identifies work group participants. Chapter II presents a Canadian perspective on multiculturalism, followed by a profile of cultures in the Borough of York in chapter III. Chapter IV discusses the work group's interpretation of multicultural education. Multicultural education is perceived to value the presence of many cultures, human rights, social justice, and alternative life choices for all people. Chapter V, the bulk of the report, examines and presents recommendations on six issues related to multiculturalism: (1) a nondiscriminatory school and community environment; (2) retention of culture and language; (3) curriculum for multiculturalism; (4) immigrant…
(1997). Managerial Discourses: Tracking the Local Effects on Teachers' and Students' Work in Literacy Lessons. It is not news that managerial discourses have dominated government educational policy and programs in Australia since the mid 1980s. During this period there has also been a proliferation of discourses about literacy. The common sense view is that literacy empowers disadvantaged people and assists failing economies. The last decade and a half has seen a discursive shift from education as a human right to education as a government investment. However, the effects of managerial discourses in actual classrooms–preferred pedagogies, enacted curriculum, assessment practices, classroom talk, and allocation of time–are rarely studied and difficult to ascertain. This paper considers the ways in which managerial discourses impact on what teachers and students can do and say in literacy lessons. The paper aims to show the potential of Foucauldian interpretative analytics for examining the local material effects of discursive practices in the everyday institutional lives of teachers and…
(1991). Journalistic Codes of Ethics in the CSCE Countries: An Examination. Series B 31/1991. A study examined the journalistic codes of ethics from 23 countries involved in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), using descriptive and interpretative content analysis. The contents of the 24 codes from the 23 countries were divided into explicit categories on the basis of a 17-part classification scheme, including: "truth,""acquisition of facts,""professional secrecy,""freedom of information,""professional integrity,""human rights," and "values." Results indicated that: (1) the most important principle in all the codes was represented by truth; (2) the general rule on acquisition and checking of facts was that journalists should use open and honest means to acquire information; (3) confidentiality of sources must be maintained; and (4) freedom of information figures prominently in nearly all of the codes. Findings suggest the development among the CSCE countries of some sort of basic,…
(1992). UNESCO and UNICEF Activities in the Field of Basic Education for Women and Girls. UNESCO-UNICEF Joint Committee on Education Meeting (3rd, Paris, France, May 6-7, 1992). Basic education for girls and women has been part of UNESCO's and UNICEF's concerns since the early days of the two organizations. Both organizations not only consider access to basic education a fundamental human right, but also see girls' and women's education as vital in enhancing their roles as contributors to and beneficiaries of development. Most UNESCO and UNICEF programs in the field tend to be geared to one or more of the following issues: (1) improving girls' access to primary schooling; (2) relevance of curricula, availability of female teachers, and teacher attitudes in the classroom; (3) literacy training for women; (4) institution building in support of women; and (5) producing gender-sensitive data. Examples of projects in these areas are found in all parts of the developing world. In addition, the two organizations promote cooperation among countries and provide analysis, research, and advocacy connected with the educational problems faced by women and girls. The two… [PDF]
(1981). Multicultural Education: A Need for Philosophical Perspective. World Education Monograph Series, Number Three. This paper examines multicultural education–its history, goals, for whom it is designed, and who is responsible for initiating programs. The literature is in general accord with the view that the educational system should be responsive to the fact that the United States is culturally diverse. This fact is taken as the ground for asserting that diversity should be both reflected in school curricula and valued by those who work in education, especially teachers and administrators. In most of the literature, multicultural education is presented as a humanistic as well as a relativistic concept. It is a means of celebrating diversity, striving for human rights and social justice, and legitimizing the alternative life choices and various styles of all people. In 1972 the Ethnic Heritage Studies Act was passed by Congress, emphasizing the heterogeneity of America's population. In the same year the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education adopted a statement on multicultural… [PDF]