(2020). "That's Your Right as a Human Isn't It?" The Emergence and Development of Leading as a Socially-Just Practice in Early Childhood Education. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, v45 n4 p295-308 Dec. This article reports on an Australian study of the emergence and development of leadership that supports children's rights and their access to high-quality early childhood education (ECE). The qualitative study contributes to a growing body of research on ECE leadership practice; specifically, the area of site-based leadership cultivation and development. Complexity leadership theory was used to situate leadership within the Australian ECE context; accounting for the competing purposes of high-quality education programs and for the complex array of practices required for leadership to be effective. Additionally, the theory of practice architectures was employed as an analytical tool. The theory of practice architectures helped to identify socially-just leadership practices that uphold children's rights, and to understand the organisational arrangements that enabled and constrained those practices within each site. Study findings illuminate how leadership can be cultivated and… [Direct]
(2020). Bots for Language Learning Now: Current and Future Directions. Language Learning & Technology, v24 n2 p8-22 Jun. Bots are destined to dominate how humans interact with the internet of things that continues to grow around them. Despite their still budding intellectual capacity, major companies (e.g., Apple, Google and Amazon) have already placed (chat)bots at the centre of their flagship devices. (Chat)Bots currently fill the internet acting as guides, merchants and assistants. Chatbots, designed as communicators, however, have yet to make a meaningful contribution to perhaps their most natural vocation: foreign language learning partners. This review engages in three questions that surround this issue: (1) Why are chatbots not already at the centre of foreign language learning? (2) What are two key developers of chatbots working towards that might push chatbots into the language learning spotlight? and (3) What might researchers, educators, and developers together do to support chatbots as foreign language learning partners right now?… [PDF]
(2020). The Cicada Announces the Fire of the Brazilian Public School: Analysis of the Era of Privatizing Guidelines. Education Policy Analysis Archives, v28 n35 spec iss Mar. This text seeks to analyze the privatization guidelines both globally and at the local level and their deployment in public basic education in Brazil. For that, a bibliographic and documentary study was used, using only public domain. It is possible to diagnose the double movement of endo and exoprivatization carried out in the educational panorama of Brazil, especially through the insertion of large business groups, as well as the reforms undertaken to put into operation the privatization agenda of public basic education. It is observed that the insertion of the private sector into the spaces of human formation reverberate metamorphoses, including that of the social function of the school institution, since it incorporates a link with the business and financial logic and, consequently, will facilitate a loss of the public sense of education as a social right…. [PDF]
(2006). Inclusive Discourse in Greece: Strong Voices, Weak Policies. International Journal of Inclusive Education, v10 n2-3 p279-291 Mar. This paper explores the inclusive discourse in Greece at a period characterized by change in policy and practice. The aim is to discuss critically the distance between the strong voices and weak practices that characterizes the Greek inclusive discourse. The first part focuses on disability and presents the ways that a "common sense" understanding of disability is constructed in the public domain resulting in the de-politicization of the inclusive discourse. The second part focuses on inclusive education, discussing the contradiction between the rhetoric of inclusive education and the reality of the expansion of special provision for an increasing number of students. It is argued that the fragmentation of the inclusive discourse and the emphasis on common sense assumptions about human and social rights reduce policies about inclusive education to an add-on, peripheral element of the proposed educational reforms…. [Direct]
(2021). Analysis of Disaster Awareness Perception Levels of Students in Social Studies Teaching Undergraduate Program. Education Quarterly Reviews, v4 n3 p14-22. Disasters are known as calamities affecting all humanity on earth and have adverse impacts on human life in various ways. Although many natural disasters cannot be prevented, their adverse effects on people can be mitigated. It is important to raise the awareness of people about disasters, whether they are caused by human effects or nature. Disaster education plays an important role in raising this awareness. The study group of the study consists of 172 teacher candidates receiving education in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades of the department of social studies teaching in a state university located in the Central Anatolia region. In order to measure the disaster awareness of the teacher candidates, the scanning pattern included under the quantitative study method has been used. T-test and ANOVA has been utilized in the analysis of disaster awareness perception scale. As the result of the analysis; in the sub-dimensions of disaster education awareness, pre-disaster awareness, false… [PDF]
(2021). A Dilemma of Primary Schools' Transition: A Stance from Classroom Teachers in Assaba-County, Mauritania. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, v13 n3 p2902-2922. This study aimed to explore factors influencing students' transition from primary to secondary schools, the discrepancy of primary and secondary enrollments. The study used cluster sampling for identifying schools from the district of Assaba. The study aimed to explore the issue from teachers' perspectives. Classical Liberal Theory was adopted as a framework to guide this study. The theory argues that all individuals have the right to access education without any disparity. So, education systems are found to develop human capabilities and enable individuals to further their inherent skills. A qualitative approach was used as a study methodology, using a narrative inquiry approach to explore participants' perceptions about factors influencing the transition from primary to secondary. Interviews were the instrument used to collect data from 12 participants selected randomly from 3 schools. The study found that discontinuity of learning, home distance from schools, gender preference in… [PDF]
(2021). In Search of Solutions Regarding the Sex Education of People with Intellectual Disabilities in Poland – Participatory Action Research. European Journal of Special Needs Education, v36 n4 p517-530. Full and equal access to sex education for all citizens is ensured by international legal acts. Research shows, however, that people with intellectual disabilities (ID) receive neither support in understanding their sexual rights, nor access to sex education tailored to their needs. Sex education classes at a special school in Poland are not compulsory for students with ID, therefore they can be omitted from the curriculum. The research aims to learn the state of knowledge about human sexuality and to analyse the needs, barriers, and expectations of adult students with ID as regards their sex education. The methodology used included a qualitative approach (Participatory Action Research) using group interviews (FGI) with 24 ID students ages 18-24. The results of the study indicate that students taking part in the study possess fragmentary and incomplete knowledge about sexuality. They listed TV, the Internet, and friends as sources of information, leaving out school (teachers) and… [Direct]
(1996). CNN Newsroom Classroom Guides, October 1-31, 1996. These classroom guides, designed to accompany the daily CNN (Cable News Network) Newsroom broadcasts for the month of October, provide program rundowns, suggestions for class activities and discussion, student handouts, and a list of related news terms. Topics include: the Middle East peace summit in Washington, DC, Israel's Netanyahu and Palestine's Arafat meet privately at the White House, federal judge dismisses Perot lawsuit; peace eludes Mideast leaders, search continues for downed Peruvian jet, and baseball's umpires threaten to strike in dispute regarding player discipline (October 1-4); U.S. President Clinton and challenger Bob Dole square off in first of two televised presidential debates, car bombs explode in Northern Ireland, British troops are extra vigilant in the wake of Monday's bombings, Pope has surgery, Al Gore and Jack Kemp face off in vice-presidential debate, and Netanyahu's rocky relationship with Jordan's King Hussein creates new tension in the Middle East…
(2022). Verb Metaphoric Extension under Semantic Strain. Cognitive Science, v46 n5 e13141 May. This paper explores the processes underlying verb metaphoric extension. Work on metaphor processing has largely focused on noun metaphor, despite evidence that verb metaphor is more common. Across three experiments, we collected paraphrases of simple intransitive sentences varying in semantic strain–for example, "The motor complained" [right arrow] "The engine made strange noises"–and assessed the degree of meaning change for the noun and the verb. We developed a novel methodology for this assessment using word2vec. In Experiments 1 and 2, we found that (a) under semantic strain, verb meanings were more likely to be adjusted than noun meanings; (b) the degree of verb meaning adjustment–but not noun meaning adjustment–increased with semantic strain; and (c) verb meaning extension is primarily driven by online adjustment, although sense selection also plays a role. In Experiment 3, we replicated the word2vec results with an assessment using human subjects. The… [Direct]
(1998). Language Legislation and Linguistic Rights: Selected Proceedings of the Language Legislation and Linguistic Rights Conference (Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, March 21-23, 1996). IMPACT: Studies in Language and Society, Volume 2. This edited volume of conference papers contains the following titles: "Presentation: Realism and Idealism in Language Conflict and Their Resolution" (Douglas A. Kibbee); "Legal and Linguistic Perspectives on Language Legislation" (Douglas A. Kibbee); "The Linguistic Rights of Non-English Speaking Suspects, Witnesses, Victims, and Defendants" (Kate Storey); "Great Mischiefs–An Historical Look at Language Legislation" (Ruth Morris); "The Criminalization of Spanish in the United States" (Patricia MacGregor-Mendoza); "Towards Consensus? Standard English in the National Curriculum" (Joan Swann); "Beyond Anglo-Saxon Confederation: The Clash of World Hegemonies in the Language Ideologies of Arthur Balfour and Woodrow Wilson" (Chris Andre); "Anatomy of the English-Only Movement: Social and Ideological Sources of Language Restrictionism in the United States" (James Crawford); "The Courts, the Legislature…
(2019). Language Policies, Language Rights, and Sign Languages: A Critique of Disability-Based Approaches. Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, v16 n4 p271-292. Among the focus of language policies addressing sign languages have been efforts to achieve official recognition for various national sign languages, coupled with the recognition of the language rights of d/Deaf people. The recognition of sign languages has most often taken place as a result of lobbying efforts by national Deaf communities, generally with the support of sympathetic hearing supporters. As a rule, efforts to grant official recognition to sign languages are seen as progressive undertakings, but such recognition is almost always grounded both ideologically and epistemologically in misguided views of d/Deaf people. The author provides a distinction between different kinds of language policies concerned with sign languages and suggests that policies granting official recognition to sign languages are fundamentally different in nature from language policies granting such status to spoken languages. The author argues that this difference is due to fundamentally indefensible… [Direct]
(2008). Responding to Parental Objections to School Sexuality Education: A Selection of 12 Objections. Sex Education: Sexuality, Society and Learning, v8 n4 p415-438 Nov. Sexuality education for school-aged young people is a crucial component of all quality education systems. It prepares young people for participation in society as responsible, mature and community-minded citizens. Most contemporary school education curricula generally aim to enhance young people's knowledge, skills and understandings of the world, and of their rights as human beings and citizens of nations. The current sexuality problems of many young people are the opposite of these; namely, ignorance, lack of skills, misunderstandings, and loss of rights, as well as unnecessary fear and shame about themselves and others. Many young people do not receive any sexuality education at all, and frequently parents have been found to be unsatisfactory providers of sexuality education for their offspring. Schools, then, become the logical place to provide this. Nowadays, the earlier maturing of girls and boys provides a further persuasive argument for quality sexuality education in all… [Direct]
(2022). The Imaginary of Personalization in Relation to Platforms and Teacher Agency in Denmark. Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy, v8 n1 p20-29. In this theoretical paper, we argue that Tech enthusiasts and skeptics are animated by the same sociotechnical personalization imaginary to improve education and teaching through personalization, but see very different paths to this goal. Tech boosters point to well-known problems of the existing education system — and rhetorically ask: 'why shouldn't we solve these problems with technology?' Doomsters claim that only humans can do this and ask 'why should we relinquish power to machines?' We believe that the full implications of incorporating adaptive technologies in schools have neither been considered, fully revealed, or adequately prepared for by either side. But we are not interested in evaluating either the claims of techboosters or doomsters. Through an analysis through the lens of imaginaries, we reveal the false dichotomy of for or against technology, which obfuscates the fundamental question of whether the social technology we have put in place to educate ourselves solves… [Direct]
(2023). Neural Discrimination of Facial Cues Associated with Trustworthiness in Adults and 6-Month-Old Infants as Revealed by Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation. Developmental Psychology, v59 n11 p2080-2093. Adults and children easily distinguish between fine-grained variations in trustworthiness intensity based on facial appearance, but the developmental origins of this fundamental social skill are still debated. Using a fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) oddball paradigm coupled with electroencephalographic (EEG) recording, we investigated neural discrimination of morphed faces that adults perceive as low- and high-trustworthy in a sample of 6-month-old infants (N = 29; 56% male; M[subscript age] = 196.8 days; all White) and young adults (N = 21; 40% male; M[subscript age] = 24.61 years; all White) recruited in Italy. Stimulus sequences were presented at 6 Hz with deviant faces interleaved every fifth stimulus (i.e., 1.2 Hz); oddball category (high/low trustworthiness) was varied within subjects. FPVS responses were analyzed at both frequencies of interest and their harmonics as a function of deviant type (high- vs. low-trustworthy) over occipital and occipitolateral electrode… [Direct]
(2023). The Korean Speech Recognition Sentences: A Large Corpus for Evaluating Semantic Context and Language Experience in Speech Perception. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, v66 n9 p3399-3412. Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a large Korean sentence set with varying degrees of semantic predictability that can be used for testing speech recognition and lexical processing. Method: Sentences differing in the degree of final-word predictability (predictable, neutral, and anomalous) were created with words selected to be suitable for both native and nonnative speakers of Korean. Semantic predictability was evaluated through a series of cloze tests in which native (n = 56) and nonnative (n = 19) speakers of Korean participated. This study also used a computer language model to evaluate final-word predictabilities; this is a novel approach that the current study adopted to reduce human effort in validating a large number of sentences, which produced results comparable to those of the cloze tests. In a speech recognition task, the sentences were presented to native (n = 23) and nonnative (n = 21) speakers of Korean in speech-shaped noise at two levels of… [Direct]