(2017). Education as a Moral Responsibility: Foucault's Subjectivity and Confucian Cultivation. ProQuest LLC, Ph.D. Dissertation, Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College. The current state of education focusing on standards and assessment, according to Wu (2004), reduces education to "technical problems and individual deficiencies, subject to surveillance and quality managerial procedures" (p. 308). This work uses Foucault's discourses of discipline and power to understand standardization as a political utility of control that makes children docile subjects through "a set of practices by which one can acquire and assimilate" (Foucault, 1988, p. 31). The process of standardization provides an ineffective grounding for achieving a worthwhile life as children are shaped as results-driven individuals (Shun & Wong, 2004). Baker (2008) believes that only through "a moral notion of reasoning" can a sense of responsibility be learnt (p. 191). The Confucian cultivation of "Ren" represents a moral notion of reasoning. It understands the very foundation of human existence, not as an epistemology based on a dichotomous… [Direct]
(1972). Part One of a General Institutional Assurance. An assurance is provided by the University of Georgia that it will comply with the policy of protecting human subjects participating in research supported by DHEW grants or contracts and that it will maintain a committee to review research projects regarding this policy. The university's 13 guidelines for protecting the rights and welfare of human subjects are provided. Five procedures to be followed by individual investigators and the committee in complying with the policy are also given. (For related documents, see TM 002 542-545, 547.) (KM)…
(1990). The Confidentiality Rights of HIV-Infected Individuals within a School. The right of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected students and staff members to continue in the public school system without disruption has been legally established. However, the question now lies in the legal implications of confidentiality. School districts must implement policies and procedures to ensure medical record confidentiality of HIV positive students and staff. A successful policy covers student, teacher, and community education; evaluation of infected students and staff; as well as confidentiality. The National School Boards Association suggests that school districts designate individuals such as the superintendent, the infected individual's personal physician, a public health official, and anyone chosen by the individual to be informed of the situation. All documentation should be kept in a locked file by the superintendent and access granted only to those with written consent. (EJS)…
(2018). Learning about Social Movements through News Media: Deconstructing New York Times and Fox News Representations of Standing Rock. International Journal of Lifelong Education, v37 n4 p401-418. This article critically examines how news media, as a form of public pedagogy, functioned to 'educate' the public about the Standing Rock pipeline protests in North Dakota, USA. Drawing on literature in public pedagogy, social movement learning and communication studies, we employed ethnographic content analysis to identify emergent patterns, emphases and themes in all online media coverage by the New York Times and Fox News of the Standing Rock protests from April 2016 to March 2017. We analysed representations of Standing Rock in 164 NYT articles, and 96 Fox News articles, respectively. This ethnographic methodology allowed us to understand how the Standing Rock movement, its actors and meaning were constructed through the use of imagery, metaphors and emphasis on particular voices, narratives and perspectives. Our findings showed how both Fox and NYT were able to effectively frame the protest as a fundamentally human story focusing on Indigenous people, celebrities and US war… [Direct]
(1972). Science and Human Rights. Impact of Science on Society, 22, 4, 329-339, Oct/Dec 72. Practices and products of scientific research have been threatening human privacy. Strong guidelines should be enforced by world organizations to prevent this. Practicing professionals should also resist temptations for infringing upon other's rights. (PS)…
(2008). Observations on the State of Indigenous Human Rights in Light of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: Guatemala. Cultural Survival Since the 1996 Peace Accords ended the Guatemalan civil war, the country has made strides to legally recognize the rights of its indigenous peoples and has criminalized racial discrimination. However, political exclusion, discrimination, and economic marginalization of indigenous peoples still regularly occur due to the lack of resources and political will to stop them. Precarious land tenure, delays in land restitution, disproportionately extreme poverty, and geographical remoteness result in indigenous Guatemalans having less access to healthcare, clean water, and security, and lower living standards than the country's "Ladino" population. Most indigenous children do not have access to bilingual education. Many crimes against indigenous peoples are not investigated or go unpunished; by comparison, indigenous leaders are frequently attacked or prosecuted for defending their claims to their lands. The government needs to energetically address discrimination, and to take… [PDF]
(2008). Observations on the State of Indigenous Human Rights in Light of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: Japan. Cultural Survival Over the past 20 years, Japan has taken legislative and symbolic steps to recognize the Ainu as an indigenous people and to eliminate state-sanctioned racial discrimination. But the Ainu still experience discrimination from other sectors of society as a result of Japan's mono-cultural national identity, and the lack of judicial remedies to respond to discrimination. Ainu children face discrimination in school, which has lead to high drop-out rates and limited job opportunities. Despite new laws to protect Ainu culture, the government has not followed through with appropriate implementation. Today, the Ainu possess only ten percent of their ancestral lands, and are greatly limited in their capacity to engage in traditional occupations. The government has pledged to protect the Ainu language but has not incorporated it into the educational curriculum for Ainu children. Because Japan's political system does not provide mechanisms for minority representation, the Ainu lack parliamentary… [PDF]
(2020). How Can We Show You, if You Can't See It? Trialing the Use of an Interactive Three-Dimensional Micro-CT Model in Medical Education. Anatomical Sciences Education, v13 n2 p206-217 Mar-Apr. Teaching internal structures obscured from direct view is a major challenge of anatomy education. High-fidelity interactive three-dimensional (3D) micro-computed tomography (CT) models with virtual dissection present a possible solution. However, their utility for teaching complex internal structures of the human body is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of a realistic 3D micro-CT interactive visualization computer model to teach paranasal sinus anatomy in a laboratory setting during pre-clinical medical training. Year 1 (n = 79) and Year 2 (n = 59) medical students undertook self-directed activities focused on paranasal sinus anatomy in one of two laboratories (traditional laboratory and 3D model). All participants completed pre and posttests before and after the laboratory session. Results of regression analyses predicting post-laboratory knowledge indicate that, when students were inexperienced with the 3D computer technology, use of the model was… [Direct]
(2020). Children and Violence: Nurturing Social-Emotional Development to Promote Mental Health. Social Policy Report. Volume 33, Number 2. Society for Research in Child Development The absence of violence against children is a fundamental children's right and a major milestone of civilized society. Similarly, reports on incidences of violence "by" children and youth, including severe cases with devastating consequences, speak to the need that the trauma of exposure to violence in childhood needs to be addressed. While violence and its risk factors are generally understood, what is less clear are the essential protective factors, how we can identify those as early as possible, and how we can use them to prevent and address the trauma of violence exposure in children and youth. In this report, I review pathways of child and youth violence through the lens of social-emotional development as a central protective factor. Negative emotions of frustration and anger can underlie violence and aggression. Kind emotions, such as caring and our ability to connect with others emotionally, can serve as social-emotional protective factors. A brief review of the… [PDF]
(2017). All Life is Encounter: Reflections on Interreligious Dialogue and Concrete Initiatives. Religious Education, v112 n4 p317-322. The title of this article has been taken from the book "I and Thou" by the German-Jewish philosopher Martin Buber (1923). He formulated it as a creed in a world dominated by what he called "I-It" relationships (i.e., relations with objects rather than with human subjects). The digital revolution of the past decades has made this general tendency of the modern world even more prominent. Through technical means (the Internet, etc.) the planet has become highly interconnected as well as interdependent, but the human dimension often does not follow suit. So we are in fact confronted with a paradoxical situation. Because of technical devices our minds become more and more geared toward an instrumental way of thinking: things function if only we know how to press the right button. This obviously does not work with humans. Here interconnectedness means or at least should mean personal encounters and dialogue that demand respect of the other and his or her freedom. Most… [Direct]
(2024). Pedagogies of Sustenance and Survival: An Ethnographic Case Study with the Bajau. ProQuest LLC, Ed.D. Dissertation, Teachers College, Columbia University. For centuries, the Bajau people sailed the seas between what we now refer to as Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines on houseboats of their own construction. Adept sustenance divers, they forage the sea floor for sea cucumber, fish, black coral and more, often spending over 60% of their working day underwater. On a single breath, the best of them can reach depths of 70 feet, stay submerged for five minutes, and see twice as well as we can. These activities, learned and transferred over generations, have prompted genetic adaptations that allow the Bajau to survive and thrive amphibiously. The Bajau are now being targeted by States and NGOs to receive education aid. Indonesia, as a signatory of the UNICEF Convention on the Rights of the Child, has sought to provide primary education to all children. Although well-intended, such efforts presuppose the Bajau are not capable of adequately educating their own children, and have prompted their mass sedentarization. Such attempts to help… [Direct]
(1974). Selected Effects of Busing on Black Students. The purpose of this study was to identify differences, if any, which existed between black students who had attended desegregated schools as opposed to those students who had attended only segregated schools. The areas which were investigated were self perception, level of aspiration, tolerance of differences, awareness of moral and social issues, and awareness of human and civil rights. The 143 subjects in this study were all the male and female senior high school students who had attended four common elementary schools and were in either the desegregated senior high or the all black segregated senior high school selected. Students who were bused to desegregated schools for purposes of integration were found to differ from those students who had attended only segregated schools when compared on more than one scale. As the age of the students increased, there was a significant increase in the level of aspiration for the students in the desegregated school, but a corresponding and…
(2016). Generation Conservation: Children's Developing Folkbiological and Moral Conceptions of Protecting Endangered Species. Early Education and Development, v27 n8 p1130-1144. Research Findings: This study investigated folkbiological concepts that structure children's moral reasoning regarding conservation. Participants (N = 52; 7- and 10-year-olds, gender balanced) were interviewed regarding their values, moral obligations, and rights concerns for endangered and extinct animals. Across the 2 ages, children drew on the animal's living status and teleology, as well as ecological relations, to ground their moral reasoning. Developmentally speaking, the younger children employed both nature-centered and human-centered moral reasoning, whereas the older children employed a complex form of moral reasoning that integrated human models of moral thinking with distinct biological understanding. Practice or Policy: The findings can improve education and policy that supports the next generation of conservationists. Educators can draw on these findings to develop class material and activities that teach children about ecological relations–knowledge children can… [Direct]
(2022). Under a Black Light: Implications of Mexican American School Segregation Challenges for African Americans in Texas. Teachers College Record, v124 n12 p220-251 Dec. Background/Context: School segregation scholarship underlines that litigation challenging the segregation of Mexican American students in Texas schools stressed their legal racial identity as white. "The other white race strategy," as scholars call it, granted Mexican Americans the right to access resources designated for the country's dominant racial group. Put differently, a defining feature of this argument pivoted on Mexican Americans' non-Blackness. An emerging body of more critical history scholarship has engaged almost exclusively the concept of whiteness to interpret this legal strategy. Few to no comparative analyses, however, examine Mexican American civil rights struggles outside this lens of whiteness, raising questions about Blackness's relationship to Juan Crow and the "other white race" strategy. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: This historical essay examines analyses of Mexican American school segregation litigation in Texas to… [Direct]
(2019). 'Who Is Zooming Who'? A Study of Young PE-Students in Their Figurations. Sport, Education and Society, v24 n5 p480-490. The article presents an analysis of 93 essays written in an upper secondary school context. The essays were collected in relation to a larger research project, which went on for 5 years in a Danish upper secondary school (2010-2015). The material represents both genders and the students are 15-17 years old. We deploy a theoretical framework taken from Norbert Elias' notion on established-outsider relations [Elias, N., & Scotson, J. L. (1994 [1965]). "The established and the outsiders." London: SAGE] as well as his use of personal pronouns [Elias, N. (1978). "What is sociology?" London: Hutchinson, Elias, N. (2001). "The society of individuals." New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group] in illustrating how people negotiate, position and navigate within figurational contexts [Elias, N. (1994 [1939]). The civilizing proces. Oxford: Blackwell.]. We do this in an effort to interpret how young people negotiate 'we-I-relations' when it comes… [Direct]